Technical Articles

Alexander, C., and Kulkarni, S.“Program to Evaluate Readiness Levels of Pipeline-Oriented Technologies”Proceedings of IPC 2018 (Paper No. IPC2018-78238)12th International Pipeline ConferenceSeptember 24-18, 2018, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C., LaVergne, R. and Turner, A.“Use of Fiber Optic Technology in Monitoring Steel Sleeves and Composite Wrap Reinforcements”Proceedings of IPC 2018 (Paper No. IPC2018-78037)12th International Pipeline ConferenceSeptember 24-18, 2018, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C., and Kania, R.“State-of-the-Art Assessment of Today’s Composite Repair Technologies”Proceedings of IPC 2018 (Paper No. IPC2018-78016)12th International Pipeline ConferenceSeptember 24-18, 2018, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C., Rizk, T., Wang, H., Clayton, R., Scrivner, R.“Reinforcement of Planar Defects in Low-Frequency ERW Long Seams Using Composite Reinforcing Materials”IPC 2016 • 11th International Pipeline ConferenceIPC2016-64082September 26-30, 2016 Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C., Beckett, A.“An Experimental Study to Evaluate the Performance of Competing Filler Materials Used with Type B and Stand-Off Steel Sleeves”IPC 2016 • 11th International Pipeline ConferenceIPC2016-64104September 26-30, 2016 Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C., Sheets, C., Harrell, P., Rettew, R., Baranov, D.“Experimental Study of Elevated Temperature Composite Repair Materials to Guide Integrity Decisions”IPC 2016 • 11th International Pipeline ConferenceIPC2016-64211September 26-30, 2016 Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C., Sheets, C., Rettew, R., Azenova, T.“Full-Scale Elevated Temperature Testing of Composite Repairs in Bending and Compression”IPC 2016 • 11th International Pipeline ConferenceIPC2016-64213September 26-30, 2016 Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C., Sheets, C., Iyer, A., Rettew, R.“Finite Element Analysis of Composite Repairs with Full-Scale Validation Testing”IPC 2016 • 11th International Pipeline ConferenceIPC2016-64214September 26-30, 2016 Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C., Vyvial, B., Iyer, A., Kania, R., Zhou, J.“Reinforcing Large Diameter Elbows Using Composite Materials Subjected to Extreme Bending and Internal Pressure Loading”IPC 2016 • 11th International Pipeline ConferenceIPC2016-64311September 26-30, 2016 Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C., Dotson, R., Iyer, A., Gourlie, A., Kania, R.“Rational Stress Limits and Load Factors For Finite Element Analyses in Pipeline Applications Part III – Elastic-Plastic Load Factor Development”IPC 2016 • 11th International Pipeline ConferenceIPC2016-64668September 26-30, 2016 Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C., Dotson, R., Ginten, M., Bedoya, J., Schroeer, K.“Combining High Resolution In-Line Geometry Tools and Finite Element Analysis to Improve Dent Assessments”PPIM 2014 • Pipeline Pigging & Integrity Management ConferencePaper PPIM-ILI2-16February 10-13, 2014, Houston, TX.

Alexander, C., Vyvial, B.“Intentional Destructive Testing: A Means for Establishing Mechanical Integrity in Plants, Facilities, and Pipelines”PVP2014 • ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels & Piping ConferencePaper PVP2014-28226July 20-24, 2014, Anaheim, CA.

Alexander, C., Souza, J., Whalen, C.“Composite Repair Performance at Elevated Temperatures”PVP2014 • ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels & Piping ConferencePVP2014-28255July 20-24, 2014, Anaheim, CA.

Alexander, C., Bedoya, J.“Developing an Engineering Based Integrity Management Program for Piping, Pipelines, and Plant Equipment”PVP2014 • ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels & Piping ConferencePVP2014-28256July 20-24, 2014, Anaheim, CA.

Alexander, C.“The Role of Composite Repair Technology in Rehabilitating Piping and Pipelines”PVP2014 • ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels & Piping ConferencePVP2014-28257July 20-24, 2014, Anaheim, CA.

Alexander, C.“Advanced Techniques for Establishing Long-Term Performance of Composite Repair Systems”IPC2014 • 10th International Pipeline ConferenceIPC2014-33405September 29-October 3, 2014, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C., Vyvial, B.“Intentional Destructive Testing: A Means for Establishing Mechanical Integrity”IPC2014 • 10th International Pipeline ConferenceIPC2014-33409September 29-October 3, 2014, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C., Vyvial, B., Wilson, F.“Pipeline Repair of Corrosion and Dents: A Comparison of Composite Repairs and Steel Sleeves”IPC2014 • 10th International Pipeline ConferenceIPC2014-33410September 29-October 3, 2014, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C., and Mishael, S., “Insights Gained Through the Development of a Roadmap for Composite Repair Systems”, 19th Biannual PRCI • APIA • EPRG Joint Technical Meeting on Pipeline Research, Paper 36, April 29 – May 3, 2013, Sydney, Australia.

Souza, J., Whalen, C., and Alexander, C., “Composite Repair Performance at Elevated Temperatures”, 8th Pipeline Technology Conference, March 18 – 20, 2013, Hannover, Germany.

Alexander, C., and Brooks, C., ” Development and Evaluation of a Steel-Composite Hybrid Composite Repair System,” Proceedings of IPC2012 (Paper No. IPC2012-90573), 9th International Pipeline Conference, September 24 – 28, 2012, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C., and Souza, J., “Advanced Insights on Composite Repairs,” Proceedings of IPC2012 (Paper No. IPC2012-90574), 9th International PipelineConference, September 24 – 28, 2012, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C., Alders, A., Bath, W., Vyvial, B., Dotson, R., Seal, D., “Evaluating Anchor Impact Damage to the Subsea Canyon Chief Pipeline Using Analysis and Full-Scale Testing Methods,” Proceedings of IPC2012 (Paper No. IPC2012-90578), 9th International Pipeline Conference, September 24 – 28, 2012, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C., “Evaluating the Effects of Ovality on the Integrity of Pipe Bends,” Proceedings of IPC2012 (Paper No. IPC2012-90582), 9th International Pipeline Conference, September 24 – 28, 2012, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C., (May 2012), “Design of an Optimized Composite Repair System for Offshore Risers Using Integrated Analysis and Testing Techniques,” Paper No. OTC-23164, 2012 Offshore Technology Conference, April 3– May 3, 2012, Houston, Texas.

Vagata, A., Bath, B., Alexander, C., Aalders, A., and Seal, D., (May 2012), “Application of a Grouted Sleeve to Remediate a Damaged Subsea Pipeline,” Paper No. OTC-23454, 2012 Offshore Technology Conference, April 3– May 3, 2012, Houston, Texas.

Alexander, C., and Bedoya, J., “Using Composite Materials to Reinforce Onshore Pipelines: New Insights and Lessons Learned”, Clarion Evaluation, Repair and Rehabilitation of Pipelines Conference and Exhibition, October 31-November 3, 2011, Houston Marriott West Loop, Houston, Texas.

Alexander, C., and Vyvial, B., “Using Full-Scale Destructive Testing Methods to Evaluate the Mechanical Integrity of High Pressure Pipelines”, Clarion Evaluation, Repair and Rehabilitation of Pipelines Conference and Exhibition, October 31-November 3, 2011, Houston Marriott West Loop, Houston, Texas.

Shilling, R., and Alexander, C., “Limit State Design Based on Experimental Methods for High Pressure High Temperature Riser and Pipeline Design,” Proceedings of IOPF 2011 (Paper No. IOPF2011-1003), ASME International Offshore Pipeline Forum, October 19-20, 2011, Houston, Texas.

Alexander, C., Vyvial, B., Cederberg, C., and Baldwin, D., “Evaluating the Performance of a Composite-Reinforced Steel Drilling Riser via Full-scale Testing for HPHT Service,” Proceedings of IOPF 2011 (Paper No. IOPF2011-4002), ASME International Offshore Pipeline Forum, October 19-20, 2011, Houston, Texas.

Alexander, C., and Bedoya, J., “An Updated Perspective on Using Composite Materials to Reinforce Offshore Pipelines and Risers,” Proceedings of IOPF 2011 (Paper No. IOPF2011-7002), ASME International Offshore Pipeline Forum, October 19-20, 2011, Houston, Texas.

Alexander, C., “Developing an Integrity Management System for Damaged Subsea Pipelines Using Experimental and Analytical Methods”, Paper No. OMAE2011-49427, The 30th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering, June 19-24, 2011, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Alexander, C., “Assessing the Use of Composite Materials in Reinforcing Offshore Risers and Pipelines”, Paper No. OMAE2011-49425, The 30th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering, June 19-24, 2011, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Shilling, R., Alexander, C., and Livesay, R., “Limit State Design Based on Experimental Methods for High Pressure, High Temperature Riser and Pipeline Design”, Paper No. OMAE2011-49424, The 30th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering, June 19-24, 2011, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Alexander, C., Ayers, R., and Exley, B., “Developing Guidelines for Evaluating Damage to Subsea Pipelines”, 18th Biannual PRCI • APIA • EPRG Joint Technical Meeting on Pipeline Research, Paper 5, May 16 – 20, 2011, San Francisco, California.

Alexander, C., and Jorritsma, E., “A Systematic Approach for Evaluating Dent Severity in a Liquid Transmission Pipeline System,” Proceedings of IPC2010 (Paper No. IPC2010-31538), 8th International Pipeline Conference, September 27 – October 1, 2010, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C., and Bedoya, J., “Repair Of Dents Subjected To Cyclic Pressure Service Using Composite Materials,” Proceedings of IPC2010 (Paper No. IPC2010-31524), 8th International Pipeline Conference, September 27 – October 1, 2010, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Scrivner, R., Exley, B., and Alexander, C., “Girth Weld Failure in a Large Diameter Gas Transmission Pipeline,” Proceedings of IPC2010 (Paper No. IPC2010-31525), 8th International Pipeline Conference, September 27 – October 1, 2010, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C., and Worth, F., “Development of Industry Standards for Composite Repair Systems,” Proceedings of IPC2010 (Paper No. IPC2010-31527), 8th International Pipeline Conference, September 27 – October 1, 2010, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C., “Limit State Design Based on Experimental Methods for High Pressure Subsea Pipeline Design,” Proceedings of IPC2010 (Paper No. IPC2010-31526), 8th International Pipeline Conference, September 27 – October 1, 2010, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Kulkarni, S., and Alexander, C., “An Operator’s Perspective in Evaluating Composite Repairs,” Proceedings of IPC2010 (Paper No. IPC2010-31595), 8th International Pipeline Conference, September 27 – October 1, 2010, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Bedoya, J., Alexander, C., and Precht, T., “Repair of High Pressure Pipe Fittings Using Composite Materials,” Proceedings of IPC2010 (Paper No. IPC2010-31537), 8th International Pipeline Conference, September 27 – October 1, 2010, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C., Roberts, D., and Logan, R., “Evaluating the Performance of the Zap-Lok Connection System,” Proceedings of IPC2010 (Paper No. IPC2010-31528), 8th International Pipeline Conference, September 27 – October 1, 2010, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C., and Worth, F., “Using Industry Standards for Designing Composite Repair Systems for Corroded Process Piping,” Proceedings of the ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels & Piping Division / K-PVP Conference (Paper No. PVP2010-25923), July 18-22, 2010, Bellevue, Washington.

Alexander, C., “Developing Stress Intensification Factors for Composite Repair Systems Used to Repair Damaged Pipe,” Proceedings of the ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels & Piping Division / K-PVP Conference (Paper No. PVP2010-25925), July 18-22, 2010, Bellevue, Washington.

Alexander, C.R., “Evaluating Damaged Subsea Pipelines Using an Engineering-Based Integrity Management Program,” Proceedings of IOPF 2009 (Paper No. IOPF2009-6002), ASME International Offshore Pipeline Forum, October 28-29, 2009, Houston, Texas.

Alexander, C.R., “Limit State Design Based on Experimental Methods for High Pressure Subsea Pipeline Design,” Proceedings of IOPF 2009 (Paper No. IOPF2009-2002), ASME International Offshore Pipeline Forum, October 28-29, 2009, Houston, Texas.

Alexander, C.R., “Recent Advances in the Evaluating Composite Repair Technology Used to Repair Transmission Pipelines,” Clarion Evaluation and Rehabilitation of Pipelines Conference, Pittsburgh Marriott City Center.

Alexander, C.R., “Development of Standards for Composite Repair Systems,” Article 4 in a 4-part series, Pipeline & Gas Technology Magazine, Hart Energy Publishing, LP, October 2009 edition.

Alexander, C.R., “Evaluating the Ability of Composite Materials to Restore Mechanical Integrity to Pipelines Having Wrinkle Bends,” Article 3 in a 4-part series, Pipeline & Gas Technology Magazine, Hart Energy Publishing, LP, September 2009 edition.

Alexander, C.R., “Repair of Pipelines Having Mechanical Damage and Plain Dents Using Composite Materials,” Article 2 in a 4-part series, Pipeline & Gas Technology Magazine, Hart Energy Publishing, LP, August 2009 edition.

Alexander, C.R., “Advances in the Repair of Pipelines Using Composite Materials,” Article 1 in a 4-part series, Pipeline & Gas Technology Magazine, Hart Energy Publishing, LP, July 2009 edition.

Alexander, C.R., “Evaluating Damage to Onshore and Offshore Pipelines Using Data Acquired Using In-line Inspection Efforts,” The 21st International Pipeline Pigging & Integrity Management Conference, February 11-12, 2009.

Alexander, C.R., “Using Testing Methods to Evaluate Subsea Pipeline Performance and Integrity,” Paper No. IOPF2008-902, Proceedings of the ASME International Offshore Pipeline Forum, October 29-30, 2008, Houston, Texas.

Alexander, C.R., Manimala, Y., Stubbs, L., and Spikula, D., “Evaluating the Performance of a Pipeline Protection System to Prevent Damage to Subsea Pipelines from Dropped Objects,” Paper No. IOPF2008-903, Proceedings of the ASME International Offshore Pipeline Forum, October 29-30, 2008, Houston, Texas.

Alexander, C.R., Blockhus, D.J., and Babin, J., “Use of Limit Analysis to Assess Elevated Strains During Installation of Tees in Deepwater Pipelines,” Paper No. IOPF2008-911, Proceedings of the ASME International Offshore Pipeline Forum, October 29-30, 2008, Houston, Texas.

Alexander, C., “Using Testing Methods to Evaluate Pipeline Mechanical Integrity,” Proceedings of IPC2008 (Paper No. IPC2008-64038), 7th International Pipeline Conference, September 29-October 3, 2008, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C., and Kulkarni, S., “Evaluating the Effects of Wrinkle Bends on Pipeline Integrity,” Proceedings of IPC2008 (Paper No. IPC2008-64039), 7th International Pipeline Conference, September 29-October 3, 2008, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C., “Strain-based Design Methods for Composite Repair Systems,” Proceedings of IPC2008 (Paper No. IPC2008-64076), 7th International Pipeline Conference, September 29-October 3, 2008, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Scrivner, R., and Alexander, C., “Elements of an Engineering-Based Integrity Management Program,” Proceedings of IPC2008 (Paper No. IPC2008-64492), 7th International Pipeline Conference, September 29-October 3, 2008, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Bolton, B., Semiga, V., Tiku, S., Dinovitzer, A., and Alexander, C., ” Towards a Validated Pipeline Dent Integrity Assessment Model,” Proceedings of IPC2008 (Paper No. IPC2008-64621), 7th International Pipeline Conference, September 29-October 3, 2008, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C., Mekha, B., Hogan, M., Rager, B., and Kumar A., (June 2008), “Design, Manufacturing, Testing, and Deployment of a Cross Haul Bucket for the Independence Hub”, Paper No. OMAE2008-57598, The 27th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering, June 15-20, 2008, Estoril, Portugal.

Alexander, C., Cercone, L., and Lockwood, J., (June 2008), “Development of a Carbon-Fiber Composite Repair System for Offshore Risers,” Paper No. OMAE2008-57599, The 27th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering, June 15-20, 2008, Estoril, Portugal.

D. Raghu, R. Swanson, and C. Alexander, (May 2008), “Methodology to Establish the Fitness for Continued Service of a Hurricane Damaged Export Pipeline in 1000 m of Water,” Paper No. OTC-19653-PP, 2008 Offshore Technology Conference, May 5–8, 2008, Houston, Texas.

Alexander, C.R., (December 2007), “Development of a Composite Repair System for Reinforcing Offshore Risers,” Ph.D. Dissertation, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas.

Alexander, C.R., (October 2007), “Evaluating the Use of Composite Materials in Reinforcing Offshore Risers Using Full-scale Testing Methods,” Paper No. IOPF2007-104, Proceedings of the ASME International Offshore Pipeline Forum, October 23-24, 2007, Houston, Texas.

Alexander, C.R., (October 2007), “Assessing the Effects of Dropped Objects on Subsea Pipelines,” Paper No. IOPF2007-110, Proceedings of the ASME International Offshore Pipeline Forum, October 23-24, 2007, Houston, Texas.

Alexander, C.R., and J.W. Frey, (July 2007), “Use of Analytical and Experimental Monitoring Techniques in Assessing the Performance of a Cold Reheat Steam Line,” Paper No. PVP2007-26079, Proceedings of the ASME PVP 2007/CREEP 8 Conference, July 22 – 26, 2007, San Antonio, Texas.

Alexander, C.R., Armer, W., and S.J. Harbert, (July 2007), “Evaluation of the Elliptical Flange Configurations for 24-inch and 30-inch Heater/Cooler Units,” Paper No. PVP2007-26080, Proceedings of the ASME PVP 2007/CREEP 8 Conference, July 22 – 26, 2007, San Antonio, Texas.

Alexander, C.R., (June 2007), “Assessing the Effects of Impact Forces on Subsea Flowlines and Pipelines,” Paper No. OMAE2007-29450, The 26th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering, June 10-15, 2007, San Diego, California.

Alexander, C.R., and Brownlee, J.K., (March 2007), “Methodology for Assessing the Effects of Plain Dents, Wrinkle Bends, and Mechanical Damage on Pipeline Integrity,” Paper No. 07139, NACE International 2007 Corrosion Conference & Exposition, March 11-15, 2007, Nashville, Tennessee.

Alexander, C.R., (March 2007), “Guidelines For Repairing Damaged Pipelines Using Composite Materials,” Paper No. 07144, NACE International 2007 Corrosion Conference & Exposition, March 11-15, 2007, Nashville, Tennessee.

Alexander, C.R., Cartaya, H., Bedoya J., (March 2007), “Assessing the Effects of Corrosion on the Mechanical Integrity of a Pipeline Suspension Bridge,” Paper No. 07148, NACE International 2007 Corrosion Conference & Exposition, March 11-15, 2007, Nashville, Tennessee.

Alexander, C.R., (October 2006), “Use of Limit Analysis Methods to Assess the Structural Capacity of Subsea Systems And Components,” Paper No. IOPF2006-010, Proceedings of the ASME International Offshore Pipeline Forum, October 24-25, 2006, Houston, Texas.

Alexander, C.R., (October 2006), “Assessing the Effects of External Damage on Subsea Pipelines,” Paper No. IOPF2006-014, Proceedings of the ASME International Offshore Pipeline Forum, October 24-25, 2006, Houston, Texas.

Macdonald, K.A., Cosham, A., Alexander, C.R., Hopkins P., (September 2006), “Assessing Mechanical Damage In Offshore Pipelines – Two Case Studies,” Second International Conference on Engineering Failure Analysis, September 12-15, 2006, Toronto, Canada.

Alexander, C.R., Francini, B., (September 2006), “State Of The Art Assessment of Composite Systems used to Repair Transmission Pipelines,” Proceedings of IPC2006 (Paper No. IPC2006-10484), 6th International Pipeline Conference, September 25-29, 2006, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C.R., Scrivner, R., (September 2006), “Analysis of Girth Welds in Pipelines Subjected to Lifting Loads,” Proceedings of IPC2006 (Paper No. IPC2006-10480), 6th International Pipeline Conference, September 25-29, 2006, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C.R., Wilson, T., (September 2006), “Reinforcing Field Fabricated Branch Connections Using Composite Materials,” Proceedings of IPC2006 (Paper No. IPC2006-10483), 6th International Pipeline Conference, September 25-29, 2006, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C.R., Worth, F., (September 2006), “Assessing the Use of Composite Materials in Repairing Mechanical Damage in Transmission Pipelines,” Proceedings of IPC2006 (Paper No. IPC2006-10482), 6th International Pipeline Conference, September 25-29, 2006, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Alexander, C.R., Boswell, R.S., (July 2005),” Techniques for Modeling Thermal and Mechanical Stresses Generated in Catalytic Cracker and Coke Drum Hot Boxes,” (Paper No. PVP2005-71728) 2005 ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division Conference, July 17-21, 2005, Denver, Colorado.

Alexander, C.R., Pordal, H., (July 2005),” Modeling Leakage in a Fuel Transfer Piping Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Techniques,” (July 2005), (Paper No. PVP2005-71708) 2005 ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division Conference, July 17-21, 2005, Denver, Colorado.

Biel, R.C., Alexander, C.R., “Application of Limit Load Analyses to Assess the Structural Integrity of Pressure Vessels,” (July 2005), (Paper No. PVP2005-71724) 2005 ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division Conference, July 17-21, 2005, Denver, Colorado.

Alexander, C.R. Fisseler, G., (June 2005), “Optimization of a Subsea Electronic Housing Design Using Limit Load Analysis Techniques,” Third International Conference on Structural Stability and Stability, June 19-22, 2005, Kissimmee, Florida.

Young, K., Alexander, C., Biel, R., and Shanks, E., (May 2005), “Updated Design Methods for HPHT Equipment,” 2005 SPE Applied Technology Workshop on High Pressure/High Temperature Sour Well Design, May 17-19, 2005, Houston, Texas.

Alexander, C.R., Biel, R.C., (July 2004), “Certification Program for Assessing the Mechanical Integrity of Pressure Vessel Systems,” 2004 ASME Pressure Vessel and Piping Conference, San Diego, California.

Alexander, C.R., Jagodzinski, J., Biel, R.C., (July 2004), “Stress Analysis of a 46-inch Reactor Feed/Effluent Exchanger,” 2004 ASME Pressure Vessel and Piping Conference, San Diego, California.

Alexander, C.R., Runte, D., Long, R.J., (July 2004), “Assessing the Effects of Vibratory Loads on Pipelines Using Analysis and Monitoring Techniques,” 2004 ASME Pressure Vessel and Piping Conference, San Diego, California.